What two kinds of adjustments may be made for elements of comparison?

• A. Internal and External
• B. Economic and Physical
• C. Qualitative and Quantitative
• D. Absolute and Relative

Answer: (C)

Adjustments for elements of comparison come in two forms: qualitative and quantitative.

Qualitative adjustments handle differences that aren’t easily expressed in dollars—things like location desirability, views, neighborhood character, overall quality, condition, design appeal, or other subjective factors. These rely on judgment and market feel, often using a scaled rating to indicate how much a difference affects desirability or market perception.

Quantitative adjustments convert differences into dollars or percentages. They address measurable gaps such as size, age, number of rooms, bathrooms, lot size, or concrete features where a dollar value or rate per unit can be applied. The appraiser adds or subtracts these specified amounts to align comparables with the subject.

In practice, a sales comparison analysis typically uses a mix of both to capture the full impact of every difference. The other pair doesn’t reflect the standard way adjustments are categorized in this context.